ADD vs. ADHD: Understanding the Differences
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Attention-Deficit Disorder (ADD) are terms that are often used interchangeably, but they are not exactly the same. If you’re wondering, what is the difference between ADD and ADHD, you’re not alone. Many parents, caregivers, and educators still use “ADD” to describe children who struggle with attention but don’t show signs of hyperactivity. However, the medical community now classifies all forms of attention-related disorders under ADHD, with different subtypes that reflect the range of symptoms a child may experience.
Understanding the difference between ADD and ADHD is crucial for parents seeking the right support for their child. Since ADHD presents differently in every individual, recognizing the specific challenges your child faces can help you access the best treatments, school accommodations, and behavioral strategies to support their success.
What is the Difference Between ADD and ADHD?
The key difference between ADD and ADHD is that ADHD is now the official medical term, while ADD is an outdated term that was previously used to describe a specific subset of ADHD.
In 1994, the American Psychiatric Association updated its terminology in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) to recognize ADHD as a single condition with three primary subtypes:
- Predominantly Inattentive Presentation (formerly called ADD) – A child with this type of ADHD struggles with attention, organization, and follow-through but does not exhibit hyperactivity or impulsivity.
- Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation – This form is marked by excessive movement, restlessness, and impulsive actions but may not involve significant attention difficulties.
- Combined Presentation – The most common type, where a child displays both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
Despite this change in classification, many people still use ADD when referring to inattentive-type ADHD. While the terminology has evolved, the underlying challenges remain the same.
ADD vs. ADHD Symptoms in Kids
When comparing ADD vs. ADHD symptoms, the most significant difference is the presence or absence of hyperactivity.
Signs of Inattentive ADHD (Formerly ADD)
Children with inattentive ADHD tend to struggle with focus, organization, and memory but do not exhibit hyperactivity or impulsivity. Common symptoms include:
- Being easily distracted or frequently daydreaming
- Struggling to follow multi-step instructions
- Forgetting or misplacing items like homework, books, or school supplies
- Difficulty staying organized, completing tasks, or managing time
- Avoiding tasks that require sustained mental effort, such as reading or writing assignments
- Appearing disengaged in conversations or zoning out in class
Since these symptoms are not as outwardly disruptive as hyperactive behavior, inattentive ADHD is sometimes overlooked or misdiagnosed, especially in girls.
Signs of Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD
Hyperactive-impulsive ADHD is often easier to recognize because it involves noticeable physical activity and impulsivity. Children with this type of ADHD may:
- Have difficulty sitting still, frequently fidgeting or squirming
- Talk excessively or interrupt conversations
- Act impulsively without thinking about the consequences
- Struggle to wait their turn in games or conversations
- Engage in risky or impulsive behavior, such as climbing on furniture or running into the street
- Have difficulty playing quietly or engaging in calm activities
Signs of Combined-Type ADHD
Children with combined-type ADHD experience symptoms from both categories. They may struggle with focus and organization while also displaying hyperactive and impulsive behaviors. This combination often results in greater challenges at school and in social settings.
ADD vs. ADHD in Kids: Why the Name Change Matters
Many parents still use the term ADD, especially when discussing inattentive-type ADHD. However, understanding that all forms of attention disorders now fall under ADHD can help families access the right medical and educational resources.
Using the correct terminology is also essential when seeking school accommodations. A child diagnosed with ADHD may qualify for support through an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or 504 Plan, which can provide classroom modifications, extended time on tests, and other assistance to help them succeed.
If you suspect your child has ADHD, a professional evaluation can clarify the specific challenges they face and guide you toward effective support strategies.
How to Determine if your child has ADHD
Parents often ask how to tell if you have ADHD or whether their child might have it. While everyone experiences occasional distractions or forgetfulness, ADHD is characterized by persistent and disruptive patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity that interfere with daily life.
A formal ADHD diagnosis typically involves:
- Observations from parents, teachers, or caregivers regarding behavior patterns
- Standardized behavior rating scales and questionnaires
- A thorough medical and developmental history
- Evaluations by a pediatrician, psychologist, or specialist
If you’re concerned that your child may have ADHD, seeking an evaluation can provide clarity and open doors to helpful resources.
What are ADHD Symptoms?
ADHD symptoms vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Some children may primarily struggle with focus and organization, while others may display more noticeable hyperactivity and impulsivity.
For more information about the signs and symptoms to look for in a child, please visit our page on ADHD symptoms.
What is the Most Effective Treatment for ADHD?
The best approach to managing ADHD depends on the child’s unique needs. Treatment often includes a combination of behavioral therapy, educational support, structured routines, and, in some cases, medication.
The most effective treatment plan is personalized and may involve:
- Behavioral therapy to help with organization, impulse control, and emotional regulation
- School accommodations such as modified assignments or additional time on tests
- Parental coaching to support positive behavior strategies at home
- Lifestyle changes including diet, exercise, and sleep adjustments
- Medication when necessary, prescribed by a healthcare provider
For a deeper look into treatment options, please visit our ADHD treatment guide.
How NJCMO Can Help
If your child has been diagnosed with ADHD or is showing signs of the condition, it’s important to know that you are not alone. Navigating ADHD can feel overwhelming, but the right resources and support can make a significant difference. NJCMO connects families to resources that can help them with diagnosis, treatment, therapy, and school accommodations.
Whether your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, or a combination of both, we can help you find the services they need to thrive. Contact us today to learn more about how we can support your family.
ADHD FAQs
Is ADHD a Learning Disability?
No, ADHD is not classified as a learning disability, but it can make learning more challenging. Children with ADHD may struggle with focus, organization, and completing assignments, which can impact academic performance.
Is ADHD on the Autism Spectrum?
No, ADHD and autism are separate conditions, but they share some overlapping traits, such as difficulty with social interactions and sensory sensitivities. Some children may be diagnosed with both ADHD and autism.
Is ADHD Neurodivergent?
Yes, ADHD is considered a neurodivergent condition, meaning it represents a natural variation in brain function that differs from the neurotypical population.
Who Can Diagnose ADHD?
ADHD can be diagnosed by pediatricians, child psychologists, psychiatrists, and neurologists. A comprehensive evaluation typically involves behavioral assessments and input from parents and teachers.
Is ADD an outdated terminology?
Yes, ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) is considered an outdated term. It was previously used to describe individuals with attention difficulties but without hyperactivity. While many people still use “ADD” informally, the correct term today is ADHD – Predominantly Inattentive Presentation when referring to attention difficulties without hyperactivity.